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In all disciplines there is the question of how to promote progress and offset decline. But, what are progress and decline? For this short article, the main discussion centers on biology. A solution called functional...

Methodology progress, decline, sciences, arts, technologies, functional specialization, functional collaboration, emergent.

A main purpose of this article is to draw attention to Lonergan’s discovery, functional specialization. Lonergan’s result was first presented in dense summary fashion, in a 20 page 1969 article "Functional Specialization in...

Philosophy of History, Interdisciplinary Methodology Functional specialization, division of labor, progress, human good.

There were two early incomplete attempts to think out practical philosophies in culture. About 2,400 year ago, Plato posed the problem of working out the finest implementable philosophy for culture’s progress. Later, there were...

Philosophy, Interdisciplinary Methodology collaboration, cosmopolis, progress, decline, biology, insight.